Step 1
Understand
Read a focused rule with translated examples and common corrections.
Spanish grammar · B1
B1 Spanish Grammar Course
Build independent Spanish with richer past narration, future and hypothetical meaning, essential subjunctive patterns, practical commands, reported speech, and connected arguments.
A complete guided learning path
Step 2
Practise
Work through 40 lessons and 120 persistent skills.
Step 3
Review
Complete 10 unit checkpoints and return when skills become due.
B1 course syllabus
Learn each unit in a practical order
Unit 1
Tell richer past stories
Place events before, during, and after one another while keeping narrative background clear.
B1 · 3 skillsPast perfectBuild había plus a past participle and place one completed action before another past event.B1 · 3 skillsPast progressiveUse imperfect estar plus a gerund for an action that was in progress around a past moment.B1 · 3 skillsPast storytellingCombine completed events with descriptions, habits, and ongoing background to build a coherent story.B1 · 3 skillsSequence past eventsOrder a story with primero, mientras, de repente, después, al final, and tense choices that show event relationships.
Unit 2
Talk about the future
Form future verbs and use them for predictions, promises, decisions, and probability.
B1 · 3 skillsSimple futureAttach the shared future endings to complete infinitives and use them for future events.B1 · 3 skillsIrregular future stemsUse common shortened and changed stems while keeping the regular future endings.B1 · 3 skillsPredictions and promisesChoose the simple future when presenting a prediction, promise, or decision as a future claim.B1 · 3 skillsFuture of probabilityUse a future form to express a probability or guess about what is happening now.
Unit 3
Use the conditional
Discuss hypothetical results, soften requests, give advice, and report future-in-the-past ideas.
B1 · 3 skillsConditional tenseAttach conditional endings to the infinitive and use the tense for hypothetical results and softened statements.B1 · 3 skillsIrregular conditional stemsReuse the same irregular stems as the future with the regular conditional endings.B1 · 3 skillsPolite conditionalUse gustaría, podría, debería, and querría to soften requests and express advice or wishes.B1 · 3 skillsFuture in the pastUse the conditional for an event that was future from an earlier past viewpoint and for probability about the past.
Unit 4
Build the present subjunctive
Form regular, irregular, stem-changing, and spelling-changing present subjunctive verbs.
B1 · 3 skillsPresent subjunctiveStart from the present yo form, remove -o, and add the opposite-vowel subjunctive endings.B1 · 3 skillsIrregular subjunctiveLearn the fully irregular present subjunctive forms of ser, ir, haber, saber, estar, and dar.B1 · 3 skillsSubjunctive stem changesCarry present stem changes into the subjunctive and apply the special nosotros patterns of -ir verbs.B1 · 3 skillsIndicative or subjunctiveChoose the indicative for presented information and the subjunctive when a clause is framed through influence, reaction, doubt, or non-specific reference.
Unit 5
Express reactions and influence
Use the subjunctive for wants, emotions, judgments, doubt, denial, and opinion.
B1 · 3 skillsWants and influenceUse the subjunctive after verbs of wanting, requesting, recommending, and influencing when subjects differ.B1 · 3 skillsEmotions and reactionsUse the subjunctive after expressions of happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, and annoyance about another clause.B1 · 3 skillsImpersonal judgmentsUse es importante que, es posible que, conviene que, and similar judgments with the subjunctive.B1 · 3 skillsDoubt and denialContrast affirmative belief with doubt, denial, and negated opinion to choose the mood.
Unit 6
Connect future actions
Use the subjunctive in pending time clauses, purpose clauses, wishes, and uncertain statements.
B1 · 3 skillsCuando and moodUse the indicative for habitual or completed events and the subjunctive for a pending future event.B1 · 3 skillsFuture time clausesChoose indicative or subjunctive according to whether a time-clause event is completed, habitual, or still pending.B1 · 3 skillsPara queUse para que plus the subjunctive when one subject acts so that another subject can achieve a purpose.B1 · 3 skillsOjalá and quizáExpress wishes and degrees of uncertainty with independent subjunctive clauses.
Unit 7
Refer to people, things, and unknowns
Build relative clauses, neutral references, and general statements with impersonal se.
B1 · 3 skillsRelative pronounsConnect descriptions to people, things, and places with an appropriate relative expression.B1 · 3 skillsMood in relative clausesUse the indicative for a specific known antecedent and the subjunctive for something unknown, non-specific, or denied.B1 · 3 skillsLo queUse lo que to mean what or the thing that when the antecedent is neutral or an entire idea.B1 · 3 skillsImpersonal seUse se with a third-person verb when the actor is general, unknown, or intentionally omitted.
Unit 8
Give fuller instructions
Use negative and nosotros commands with correctly placed and accented pronouns.
B1 · 3 skillsNegative tú commandsUse no plus a present subjunctive tú form to tell someone informally not to do something.B1 · 3 skillsCommands with pronounsAttach pronouns to affirmative commands and place them before negative commands in the correct order.B1 · 3 skillsNosotros commandsUse present subjunctive nosotros forms to suggest actions that include the speaker.B1 · 3 skillsCommand accent marksPreserve spoken stress when pronouns are attached by adding a written accent where Spanish spelling requires it.
Unit 9
Build conditions and connected arguments
Express real and hypothetical conditions and connect contrasting ideas and results.
B1 · 3 skillsReal future conditionsUse present indicative after si and a future, command, or present result for likely future conditions.B1 · 3 skillsImperfect subjunctiveBuild the common -ra series from the third-person plural preterite and use it in basic present hypotheses.B1 · 3 skillsSecond conditionalCombine si plus the imperfect subjunctive with a conditional result for hypothetical present or future situations.B1 · 3 skillsContrast and result connectorsConnect an argument with aunque, sin embargo, a pesar de, por eso, así que, and de todos modos.
Unit 10
Report speech and questions
Report statements, questions, commands, and time relationships from a new viewpoint.
B1 · 3 skillsDirect and reported speechChange quoted statements into reported clauses with decir que and appropriate person references.B1 · 3 skillsReported questionsReport yes-or-no and information questions without retaining direct-question word order or punctuation.B1 · 3 skillsReported commandsReport instructions with decir, pedir, or recomendar plus que and a subjunctive clause.B1 · 3 skillsReported-speech tense changesAfter a past reporting verb, shift present ideas toward the imperfect and future ideas toward the conditional when the viewpoint requires it.