Grammar reference
Spanish Tense Guides
Explore all 15 tenses and moods supported by Fluentivos. Learn when each form is used, how regular conjugations are built, which mistakes to avoid, and how every form changes across all six persons.
Presente de indicativo
Spanish Present Tense
Use the Spanish present tense for what happens now, repeated routines, general truths, and near-future plans.
Read rules and examples →Pretérito perfecto compuesto de indicativo
Spanish Present Perfect Tense
Use the Spanish present perfect for completed actions connected to the present, recent events, and life experience within an unfinished time frame.
Read rules and examples →Pretérito indefinido
Spanish Preterite Tense
Use the Spanish preterite for completed past actions and events viewed as having a clear beginning or end.
Read rules and examples →Pretérito imperfecto
Spanish Imperfect Tense
Use the Spanish imperfect for ongoing past situations, descriptions, background information, and habitual actions.
Read rules and examples →Pretérito pluscuamperfecto de indicativo
Spanish Past Perfect Tense
Use the Spanish past perfect for an action already completed before another past event or reference point.
Read rules and examples →Futuro simple
Spanish Future Tense
Use the Spanish future tense for future events, promises, predictions, and probability about the present.
Read rules and examples →Futuro compuesto de indicativo
Spanish Future Perfect Tense
Use the Spanish future perfect for actions completed before a future deadline and for conjecture about completed past events.
Read rules and examples →Condicional simple
Spanish Conditional Tense
Use the Spanish conditional for hypothetical results, future events viewed from the past, polite requests, advice, and probability about the past.
Read rules and examples →Condicional compuesto
Spanish Conditional Perfect Tense
Use the Spanish conditional perfect for unreal past results, missed possibilities, unfulfilled intentions, and conjecture about earlier events.
Read rules and examples →Presente de subjuntivo
Spanish Present Subjunctive
Use the Spanish present subjunctive when a clause is framed through wishes, influence, emotion, doubt, evaluation, or a pending future event.
Read rules and examples →Pretérito perfecto de subjuntivo
Spanish Present Perfect Subjunctive
Use the Spanish present perfect subjunctive for a completed action viewed through a current reaction, doubt, evaluation, or pending future frame.
Read rules and examples →Pretérito imperfecto de subjuntivo
Spanish Imperfect Subjunctive
Use the Spanish imperfect subjunctive after past or conditional triggers and in hypothetical present or future conditions.
Read rules and examples →Pretérito pluscuamperfecto de subjuntivo
Spanish Past Perfect Subjunctive
Use the Spanish past perfect subjunctive for an earlier completed action under a past trigger and for unreal past conditions.
Read rules and examples →Imperativo afirmativo
Spanish Affirmative Imperative
Use the Spanish affirmative imperative to give instructions, invitations, advice, and direct positive commands.
Read rules and examples →Imperativo negativo
Spanish Negative Imperative
Use the Spanish negative imperative to tell someone not to do something, with no plus the corresponding present-subjunctive form.
Read rules and examples →Connected tense systems
Compare advanced Spanish tenses in context
These guides connect forms that are difficult to understand in isolation and link each contrast to its focused grammar lesson.
Spanish perfect tenses
Connect present, past, future, conditional, and subjunctive perfect forms through one haber timeline.
Open comparison guide →Spanish conditionals
Compare real, hypothetical, unreal-past, and mixed si clauses by reality and time.
Open comparison guide →Spanish subjunctive tenses
Choose present, perfect, imperfect, or past-perfect subjunctive from viewpoint and relative time.
Open comparison guide →See these tenses with real verbs
Open a complete verb guide to compare forms across present, past, future, perfect, subjunctive, and imperative tables.